The result of 540 boys in 1000 births is above the approximately 50% rate expected by chance, but it does not appear to be high enough to have practical significance. Because there is only a 1% chance of getting the results by chance, the method appears to have a statistical significance. Because there is a 30% chance of getting such results with a diet that has no effect, it does not appear to have statistical significance, but the average loss of 45 pounds does appear to have practical significance. The sample is a voluntary response sample and is therefore flawed. The sample is a voluntary response sample and is therefore flawed.ġ0. There does appear a potential to create a bias. There does not appear to be a potential to create a bias. There does appear to be a potential to create a bias. A voluntary response sample is generally not suitable for a statistical study because the sample may have a bias resulting from participation by those with a special interest in the topic being studied.Įven if we conduct a study and find that there is a correlation, or association, between two variables, we cannot conclude that one of the variables is the cause of the other.
If the source of the data can benefit from the results of the study, it is possible that an element of bias is introduced so that the results are favorable to the source.Ī voluntary response sample is a sample in which the subjects themselves decide whether to be included in the study. Yes, it is possible for a study to have statistical significance but not a practical significance. Statistical significance is indicated when methods of statistics are used to reach a conclusion that some treatment or finding is effective, but common sense might suggest that the treatment or finding does not make enough of a difference to justify its use or to be practical. 235Ĭhapter 1: Introduction to Statistics Section 1-2 1.
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